搜索结果: 136-150 共查到“知识库 劳动经济学”相关记录2400条 . 查询时间(0.421 秒)
Minimally Altruistic Wages and Unemployment in a Matching Model
Retention Selection and Staffing Employment Wages Mathematical Methods
2015/4/22
This paper presents a model in which firms recruit both unemployed and employed workers by posting vacancies. Firms act monopsonistically and set wages to retain their existing workers as well as to a...
What Causes Industry Agglomeration? Evidence from Coagglomeration Patterns
Geographic Location Labor Industry Clusters Transportation Manufacturing Industry United States
2015/4/21
Many industries are geographically concentrated. Many mechanisms that could account for such agglomeration have been proposed. We note that these theories make different predictions about which pairs ...
国外未充分就业研究述评
未充分就业 资质过高感知 教育过度 技能未充分利用
2016/5/6
受金融危机和地区劳动力市场的长期影响,全球就业形势不容乐观,未充分就业现象愈发普遍,并严重影响着个人职业发展、组织人力资本效用最大化以及社会就业问题。本文从未充分就业的概念内涵、理论基础、测量、影响因素和作用结果五个方面,梳理并讨论了近年来国外有关研究,以期为我国的相关研究提供借鉴。
中国劳动力结构演变与经济增长
劳动力结构 产业升级 人口红利 经济增长
2016/11/25
本文在分析劳动力结构演变历程的基础上,探索劳动力结构如何影响经济增长。研究表明:人口红利没能得到有效发挥,制约了经济增长。首先,劳动力结构与产业结构转型升级的方向不匹配,导致失业与过剩并存,限制了经济增长;其次,劳动力在城乡、地区、产业之间不能完全按照边际生产率的原则流动,限制了经济增长。研究建议消除劳动力在城乡、产业和区域间的流动障碍,促进农民工向市民的转变;加大人力资本和教育的投入,消除结构性...
在国际投入产出分析框架下,运用WIOD数据计算各行业的就业创造指数和劳动增加值带动指数,研究国内消费的就业带动效率。结果表明,制造业行业的就业人数和劳动收入带动效率均高于服务业;制造业的就业带动效率总体上升,服务业的就业带动效率总体下降;服务业对高技能劳动力的就业带动效率高于制造业,制造业不同技能水平劳动力的收入出现分化。现阶段,中国各行业的劳动力技能水平偏低,促进制造业发展仍是稳定就业的重要措施...
环境规制、行业异质性与就业效应——基于工业行业面板数据的经验分析
环境规制 就业 行业异质性 技术升级
2016/5/6
基于生产的局部均衡模型从理论上分析了环境规制对于企业劳动力需求的规模效应、替代效应和治污与减排效应,并利用中国工业行业面板数据实证检验了各项影响途径,以分析在多重机制的综合作用下环境规制对于总就业及就业结构的影响。研究发现:环境规制与总就业之间呈"U"型关系,随着环境规制的增强其对就业的影响由负向转为正向,而我国目前仍处于"U"型曲线的下降阶段;依据污染程度和技术水平划分就业结构,发现行业的异质性...
高校扩招、能力异质性与大学毕业生就业
高校扩招 能力异质性 局部干预效应 就业状况
2016/3/1
文章利用中国社会综合调查数据，定量评估了扩招政策对大学毕业生就业的异质性效应。在“反事实”和“局部干预效应”概念框架下，识别出教育成就受到扩招政策差异化影响的不同群体。研究发现，因扩招而获得大学录取机会者，其大学文凭主要扮演着“敲门砖”的角色，显著降低了缺乏工作经验的新毕业生的失业概率，但并未明显改善其就业质量；那些即使未发生扩招也能继续深造者，扩招并未恶化其就业状况。因此文章认为有必要在狠抓教学...
The Lasting Impact of Mothers’ Fetal Malnutrition on Their Offspring
Malnutrition Health Labor Market Outcomes Schooling Barker hypothesis China Famine
2015/1/22
We study the very long-run impacts of fetal malnutrition on children of malnourished mothers. Using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, we investigate whether mothers born in the Great Le...
Evolution of the Industrial Wage Structure in China since 1980
Industry-Wage Structure Inequality China
2015/1/22
Industry mean wages in China have exhibited sharply increased dispersion since the early1990, and the wage pattern has become increasingly similar to the that of developed countries and to two major e...
Individual Well-being in Urban China: The role of income expectations
happiness well-being income expectations transition economies
2015/1/22
Using household survey data, we study the determinants of individual well-being in urban China, emphasizing particularly the role of income expectations. First, we find that individual wellbeing incre...
Human Capital, Economic Growth, and Regional Inequality in China
Human Capital Economic Growth Regional Inequality in China
2015/1/22
We study rates of provincial economic- and TFP growth in China. Our results show that regional growth patterns can be understood as a function of several interrelated factors, which include investment...
Production and Cost in the U.S. Paper and Paperboard Industry
Production and Cost the U.S. Paper Paperboard Industry
2015/1/22
The United States paper and paperboard industry has experienced significant structural changes over the past twenty-five years, including reductions in the number of mills, lower rates of capacity gro...
Health System Reform in China: What Role for Private Insurance?
Health System Reform in China Private Insurance
2015/1/22
In recent years, health system reform has emerged as a priority for economic policy in China. High out-of-pocket cost of medical care and drugs has become a serious concern for Chinese residents in bo...
Economic Transition, Higher Education and Worker Productivity in China
Economic Transition Higher Education Worker Productivity in China
2015/1/22
We investigate the role ofeducation on worker productivity and firms’ total factor productivity using a panel of firm level data from China. We estimate the returns to education by calculating the mar...
Human Capital in China, 1985-2008
human capital Jorgenson-Fraumeni (J-F) lifetime income approach Divisia China
2015/1/22
We estimated China’s human capital stock from 1985 to 2008 based on the Jorgenson-Fraumeni (J-F) lifetime income framework. In order to accommodate the Chinese data and to capture human capital accumu...